Human Biology Flashcards
What are the primary organs of the urinary system and their main functions?
The kidneys filter blood and produce urine. The ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. The bladder stores urine. The urethra carries urine out of the body.
What are the main components of the female reproductive system and their roles?
Ovaries produce eggs and hormones. Fallopian tubes transport eggs to the uterus. The uterus is the site of implantation and fetal development. The vagina serves as the birth canal and is involved in sexual intercourse.
What are the supporting structures of the uterus?
The supporters of the uterus include the broad ligament, round ligament, uterosacral ligament, and cardinal ligament.
Define a synovial joint and list its key structural components.
A synovial joint is a freely movable joint with a joint cavity. Its structure includes articular cartilage, synovial membrane, synovial fluid, joint capsule, and ligaments.
What are some examples of synovial joint types?
Examples of synovial joint types include hinge joints (like the elbow), ball-and-socket joints (like the shoulder), and pivot joints (like in the neck).
What are the main parts of the respiratory system involved in gas exchange?
The respiratory system includes the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and lungs. The lungs are the primary site of gas exchange.
How are the lungs anatomically divided?
The right lung has 3 lobes, and the left lung has 2 lobes. Each lobe is further subdivided into bronchopulmonary segments.
What is the primary function of the stomach?
The stomach stores food, mixes it with digestive juices, and begins protein digestion.
What are the main divisions of the central nervous system (CNS)?
The central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord.