EFL Teaching (English as a Foreign Language) Flashcards
What is a key characteristic of learning a first language for infants?
Infants learn to speak their first language perfectly.
What was the traditional approach to teaching languages in schools?
Languages were traditionally taught as subjects where students learned and memorized grammar, vocabulary, and expressions.
What was the main problem with the traditional method of language teaching?
Despite years of study, most students couldn't actually use the language.
What controversial suggestion did linguist Stephen Krashen make in the 1970s?
Krashen suggested that most language learning was a waste of time.
What is the difference between 'learning' and 'acquiring' a language according to Krashen?
Learning is conscious study of grammar and vocabulary, while acquiring is the natural, unconscious process infants use.
What did critics of Krashen argue was missing from just being exposed to a language?
Critics argued that learners also need to 'notice form,' meaning they need to become consciously aware of grammatical rules.
What essential element was later suggested to be crucial for language acquisition?
Interaction was suggested as another essential element, as seen in young children acquiring language through communication with caregivers.
What are the three major factors now widely accepted as important for acquiring a language?
Exposure, noticing form, and interaction are the three major factors.
What practical advice is given to EFL teachers regarding exposure?
Teachers should encourage students to read, listen to, and watch a wide range of materials in English, and promote reading and listening for enjoyment outside of class.